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GDM1602B ver:a 1 2006.12.6 GDM1602B specifications of lcd module features 1. 5x8 dots 2. built-in controller (s6a0069or equivalent) 3. +5v power supply (also available for =3.0v) 4. 1/16 duty cycle 5. easy interface with 4-bit or 8-bit mpu 6. bkl to be driven by pin1, pin2, or pin15, pin16 or a, k 7. 16x2 characters outline dimension absolute maximum ratings item symbol standard unit power voltage v dd -v ss -0.3 - 7.0 input voltage vin -0.3 - vdd+0.3 v operating temperature range top 0 - +50 storage temperature range tst -10 - +60 * wide temperature range is available (operating/storage temperature as ?20~+70/-30~+80 ) www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 2 2006.12.6 block diagram interface pin description pin no. symbol external connection function 1 v ss signal ground for lcm (gnd) 2 v dd power supply fo r logic for lcm 3 v 0 power supply contrast adjust 4 rs mpu register select signal 5 r/w mpu read/write select signal 6 e mpu operation (data read/write) enable signal 7~10 db0~db3 mpu four low order bi-directional three-state data bus lines. used for data transfer between the mpu and the lcm. these four are not used during 4-bit operation. 11~14 db4~db7 mpu four high order bi-directional three-state data bus lines. used for data transfer between the mpu 15 a(led+) power supply for bkl (anode) 16 k(led-) led bkl power supply power supply for bkl (gnd) contrast adjust v dd~ v 0 : lcd driving voltage vr: 10k~20k www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 3 2006.12.6 optical characteristics tn type display module (ta=25 , vdd=5.0v) item symbol condition min. typ. max. unit -25 - - viewing angle c r 4 -30 - 30 deg contrast ratio c r - 6 - - response time (rise) t r - - 120 150 response time (fall) t r - - 120 150 ms stn type display module (ta=25 , vdd=5.0v) item symbol condition min. typ. max. unit -60 - 35 viewing angle c r 2 -40 - 40 deg contrast ratio c r - 8 - - response time (rise) t r - - 200 250 response time (fall) t r - - 300 350 ms electrical characteristics dc characteristics parameter symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit supply voltage for lcd v dd -v 0 ta =25 - 4.5 - input voltage v dd 4.7 5.0 5.5 v supply current i dd ta=25 , v dd =5.0v - 1.5 2.5 ma input leakage current i lkg - - 1.0 ua ?h? level input voltage v ih 2.2 - v dd ?l? level input voltage v il twice initial value or less 0 - 0.6 ?h? level output voltage v oh loh=-0.25ma 2.4 - - ?l? level output voltage v ol loh=1.6ma - - 0.4 backlight supply voltage v f - - - v read cycle (ta=25 , vdd=5.0v) parameter symbol test pin min. typ. max. unit enable cycle time t c 500 - - enable pulse width t w 230 - - enable rise/fall time t r, t f e - - 20 rs; r/w setup time t su 40 - - rs; r/w address hold time t h rs; r/w 10 - - data output delay t d - - 120 data hold time t dh db0~db7 5 - - ns write cycle (ta=25 , vdd=5.0v) parameter symbol test pin min. typ. max. unit enable cycle time t c 500 - - enable pulse width t w 230 - - enable rise/fall time t r, t f e - - 20 rs; r/w setup time t su1 40 - - rs; r/w address hold time t h1 rs; r/w 10 - - data output delay t su2 80 - - data hold time t h2 db0~db7 10 - - ns www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 4 2006.12.6 write mode timing diagram read mode timing diagram instruction description outline to overcome the speed difference between the internal clock of s6a0069 and the mpu clock, s6a0069 performs internal operations by storing control in formations to ir or dr. the internal operation is determined according to the signal from mpu, composed of read/write and data bus (refer to table7). instructions can be divided largely into four groups: 1) s6a0069 function set instructions (set display methods, set data length, etc.) 2) address set instructio ns to internal ram 3) data transfer instructions with internal ram 4) others the address of the internal ram is auto matically increased or decreased by 1. note: during internal operation, busy flag (db7) is read ?high?. busy flag check must be preced ed by the next instruction. www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 5 2006.12.6 instruction table instruction code instruction rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 description execution time (fosc= 270 khz clear display 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 write ?20h? to ddra and set ddram address to ?00h? from ac 1.53ms return home 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - set ddram address to ?00h? from ac and return cursor to its original position if shifted. the contents of ddram are not changed. 1.53ms entry mode set 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i/d sh assign cursor moving direction and blinking of entire display 39us display on/ off control 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 d c b set display (d), cursor (c), and blinking of cursor (b) on/off control bit. cursor or display shift 0 0 0 0 0 1 s/c r/l - - set cursor moving and display shift control bit, and the direction, without changing of ddram data. 39us function set 0 0 0 0 1 dl n f - - set interface data length (dl: 8- bit/4-bit), numbers of display line (n: =2-line/1-line) and, display font type (f: 5x11/5x8) 39us set cgram address 0 0 0 1 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 ac0 set cgram address in address counter. 39us set ddram address 0 0 1 ac6 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 ac0 set ddram address in address counter. 39us read busy flag and address 0 1 bf ac6 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 ac0 whether during internal operation or not can be known by reading bf. the contents of address counter can also be read. 0us write data to address 1 0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 write data into internal ram (ddram/cgram). 43us read data from ram 1 1 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 read data from internal ram (ddram/cgram). 43us note: when an mpu program with checking the busy flag (db7) is made, it must be necessary 1/2fosc is necessary for executing the next instruction by the fall ing edge of the ?e? signal after the busy flag (db7) goes to ?low?. contents 1) clear display rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 clear all the display data by writing ?20h? (spa ce code) to all ddram address, and set ddram address to ?00h? into ac (address counter). return cursor to the original stat us, namely, bring the cursor to the left edge on the fist line of the display. make the entry mode increment (i/d=?high?). www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 6 2006.12.6 2) return home rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - return home is cursor return home instruction. set ddram address to ?00h? into the address counter. return cursor to its original site and return display to its original status, if shifted. contents of ddram does not change. 3) entry mode set rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 i/d sh set the moving direction of cursor and display. i/d: increment / decrement of ddram address (cursor or blink) when i/d=?high?, cursor/blink moves to ri ght and ddram addre ss is increased by 1. when i/d=?low?, cursor/blink moves to le ft and ddram address is increased by 1. *cgram operates the same way as ddram, wh en reading from or writing to cgram. sh: shift of entire display when ddram read (cgram read/write) operation or sh=?low?, shifting of entire display is not performed. if sh =?high? and ddram write operation, shift of entire display is performed according to i/d value. (i/d=?high?. shift le ft, i/d=?low?. shift right). 4) display on/off control rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 d c b control display/cursor/blink on/off 1 bit register. d: display on/off control bit when d=?high?, entire display is turned on. when d=?low?, display is turned off, but display data remains in ddram. c: cursor on/off control bit when d=?high?, cursor is turned on. when d=?low?, cursor is disappeared in curren t display, but i/d regist er preserves its data. b: cursor blink on/off control bit when b=?high?, cursor blink is on, which performs alternately between all the ?high? da ta and display characters at the cursor position. when b=?low?, blink is off. 5) cursor or display shift rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 0 0 1 s/c r/l - - www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 7 2006.12.6 shifting of right/left cursor position or displa y without writing or r eading of display data. this instruction is used to co rrect or search display data. during 2-line mode display, cursor moves to th e 2nd line after the 40th digit of the 1st line. note that display shift is performed simultaneously in all the lines. when display data is shifted repeat edly, each line is shifted individually. when display shift is performed, the contents of the address counter are not changed. shift patterns according to s/c and r/l bits s/c r/l operation 0 0 shift cursor to the left, ac is decreased by 1 0 1 shift cursor to the right, ac is increased by 1 1 0 shift all the display to the left, cursor moves according to the display 1 1 shift all the display to the right, cursor moves according to the display 6) function set rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 0 1 dl n f - - dl: interface data length control bit when dl=?high?, it means 8-bit bus mode with mpu. when dl=?low?, it means 4-bit bus mode with mpu. he nce, dl is a signal to select 8-bit or 4-bit bus mode. when 4-but bus mode, it needs to transfer 4-bit data twice. n: display line number control bit when n=?low?, 1-line display mode is set. when n=?high?, 2-line display mode is set. f: display line number control bit when f=?low?, 5x8 dots format display mode is set. when f=?high?, 5x11 dots format display mode. 7) set cgram address rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 0 1 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 ac0 set cgram address to ac. the instruction makes cgram data available from mpu. 8) set ddram address rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 0 1 ac6 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 ac0 set ddram address to ac. this instruction makes ddram data available form mpu. when 1-line display mode (n=low), ddram address is form ?00h? to ?4fh?.in 2-line display mode (n=high), ddram address in the 1s t line form ?00h? to ?27h?, and ddram address in the 2nd line is www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 8 2006.12.6 from ?40h? to ?67h?. 9) read busy flag & addres s rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 0 1 bf ac6 ac5 ac4 ac3 ac2 ac1 ac0 this instruction shows whether s6a0069 is in internal operation or not. if the resultant bf is ?high?, inte rnal operation is in prog ress and should wait bf is to be low, which by then the nest instruction can be performed. in this instruction you can also read the va lue of the address counter. 10) write data to ram rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 1 0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 write binary 8-bit data to ddram/cgram. the selection of ram from ddra m, and cgram, is set by the previous address set instruction (ddram address set, cgram address set). ram set instruction can also dete rmine the ac direction to ram. after write operation. the address is automatically increased/decreased by 1, according to the entry mode. 11) read data from ram rs r/w db7 db6 db5 db4 db3 db2 db1 db0 1 1 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 read binary 8-bit da ta from ddram/cgram. the selection of ram is set by the previous address set instruction. if the address set instruction of ram is not performed before this instruction, the data that has been read first is invalid, as the direction of ac is not yet determined. if ram data is read several times w ithout ram address instructions set before, read operation, the correct ram data can be obt ained from the second. but the first data would be incorrect, as there is no time margin to transfer ram data. in case of ddram read operation, cursor shift instruction plays the same role as ddram address set instruction, it also transfers ra m data to output data register. after read operation, address counter is automa tically increased/decreased by 1 according to the entry mode. after cgram read operati on, display shift may not be executed correctly. note: in case of ram write operation, ac is in creased/decreased by 1 as in read operation. at this time, ac indicates next address pos ition, but only the previous data can be read by the read instruction. display character address code: display position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ddram address 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a 0b 0c 0d 0e 0f ddram address 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b 4c 4d 4e 4f www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 9 2006.12.6 standard character pattern www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 10 2006.12.6 lcm operation precautions (1) it is an indispensable condition to drive lcd within t he specified voltage limit since the higher voltage than the limit causes the shorter lcd life. an electrochemical reaction due to direct current causes lcd's undesirable deterioration, so that the use of dire ct current driver should be avoided. (2) response time will be extremely delayed at lower te mperature than the specified operating temperature range and on the other hand lcd's show dark blue color in t he higher temperature. however, those phenomena do not mean any malfunction or display out of order with lcd' s, which will come back in the specified operation temperature range. (3) if the display area is pushed hard du ring operation, some fonts will be ab normally displayed. but it resumes normal condition after turning off once. (4) a slight dew depositing on terminals could be a caus e for electrochemical reaction resulting in terminal open circuit. (5) display contrast varies with the change of liquid crystal driving voltage (v o ). adjust v o to show the best contrast. (6) condensation on terminals can cause an electrochemical re action disrupting the terminal circuit. therefore, it is suggested to use the lcd under the relative condition of 40c, 85% rh. (7) when turning the power on, input each signal after the positive/negativ e voltage becomes stable. (8) the backlight must be operated within the condition of specification. the overload current or too high voltage will reduce the life time or destroy the backlight. handing precautions (1) the display panel is made of glass. do not subject it to a mechanical shock by dropping it or impact. (2) if the display panel is damaged and the liquid crystal substa nce leaks out, be sure not to get any in your mouth. if the substance contacts your skin or cl othes, wash it off using soap and water. (3) do not apply excessive force to the display surface or the adjoining areas since this may cause the color tone to vary. (4) the polarizer covering the display surface of the lcd module is soft and easily scratched. please handle the polarizer carefully. (5) if the display surface becomes contaminated, breathe on the surface and gently wipe it with a soft dry cloth. if it is heavily contaminated, moisten cloth wi th one of the following solvents : - isopropyl alcohol - ethyl alcohol (6) solvents other than those above-mentioned may damage the polarizer. especially, do not use the following. www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 11 2006.12.6 - water - ketone - aromatic solvents (7) exercise care to minimize corrosion of the electrode. co rrosion of the electrodes is accelerated by water droplets, moisture condensation or a current flow in a high-humidity environment. (8) install the lcd module by using t he mounting holes. when mounting the lc d module make sure it is free of twisting, warping and distortion. in particular, do not forc ibly pull or bend the io cable or the backlight cable. (9) do not attempt to disassemble or process the lcd module. (10) nc terminal should be open. do not connect anything. (11) if the logic circuit power is off, do not apply the input signals. (12) to prevent destruction of the elements by static electricity, be careful to maintain an optimum work environment. - be sure to ground the body when handling the lcd modules. - tools required for assembling, such as soldering irons, must be properly grounded. - to reduce the amount of static electricity generat ed, do not conduct assembling and other work under dry conditions. - the lcd module is coated with a film to protect the displa y surface. exercise care when peeling off this protective film since static electricity may be generated. installing precautions the hole in the printed circuit board is used to fix lcm as shown in the picture below. attend to the following items when installing the lcm. (1) cover the surface with a trans parent protective plate to protect the polarizer and lc cell. (2) when assembling the lcm into other equipment, the sp acer to the bit between the lcm and the fitting plate should have enough height to avoid causing stress to the modul e surface, refer to the individual specifications for measurements. the measurement tolerance should be 0.1mm. storage precautions in case of storing for a long period of time for the purp ose of replacement use, the following ways are recommended. (1) storage in a polyethylene bag with the opening sealed so as not to enter fresh air outside in it, and with no desiccant. (2) placing in a dark place where neither exposure to direct sunlight nor light is, keeping temperature in the range www.datasheet.in
GDM1602B ver:a 12 2006.12.6 from -30c to 80c (3) storing with no touch on polarizer surface by anything else. (it is recommended to store them as they have been contained in the inner container at the time of delivery from us.) safety (1) it is recommended to crush damaged or unnecessary lcds in to pieces and wash them off with solvents such as acetone and ethanol, which should later be burned. (2) if any liquid leaks out of a damaged glass cell and come s in contact with the hands, wash off thoroughly with soap and water. others liquid crystals solidify under low temperature (below the storage temperature ra nge) leading to defective orientation or the generation of air bubbles (black or white). air bubbles may also be generated if the module is subject to a low temperature. if the lcd modules have b een operating for a long time showing the same display patterns, the display patterns may remain on the screen as ghost images and a s light contrast irregularity may also appear. a normal operating status can be regained by suspending use for so me time. it should be noted that this phenomenon does not adversely affect performance reliability. to minimize the performance degradation of the lcd modules resulting from destruction caused by static electricity etc., exercise care to avoid holding the fo llowing sections when handling the modules. - exposed area of the printed circuit board. - terminal electrode sections. www.datasheet.in

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